受疫情的影响,同学们都陆续开启网课模式,对于2021的申请大军们从某种程度上讲,目前的情况给了大家一个相当充足的自我提升和准备的时间。
你们都在做什么呢?
与我们国内的大学申请不同,美国大学录取的原则是考量学生的综合能力,包括潜在学术能力,创造力,以及领导力,团队合作等优秀个人品质。申请文书就像是用英语拼接成一幅自画像,或者说是相当于文字版的面试。申请者通过这些文书,让未来大学了解你过去的经历,你的成就、现在的能力和未来蓝图,是什么原因让你拥有这些有价值的东西。
所以,美本申请中文书很重要,而重中之重就是Essay的写作。
美国本科申请通常采用三种申请系统,分别为Common Application、UC和CAAS。每个系统适用的院校有所不同,各自沿用一整套文书题目。
UC加州大学申请系统
加州大学的本科申请系统是公用的。一方面可以为申请者节约填写申请表格的时间;另一方面,加州大学会按照统一的标准来录取学生。加州大学的申请系统适用于申请加州大学的十所学校:
加州大学伯克利分校 UBC
加州大学洛杉矶分校 UCLA
加州大学圣巴巴拉分校 UCSB
加州大学圣地亚哥分校 UCSD
加州大学欧文分校 UCI
加州大学戴维斯分校 UCD
加州大学圣克鲁兹分校 UCSC
加州大学河滨分校 UCR
加州大学默赛德分校 UCM
CAAS
(The Coalition for Access,Affordability and Success)旨在为低收入家庭的子女提供进入美国名校学习的机会。CAAS系统从2017年开始正式接受学生申请。学生从九年级(美国高一)开始就可以在申请系统内建立自己的大学申请档案, 将自己的学习和生活记录上传到申请文件夹中,便于大学招生官更加全面地了解申请人。目前已经有140多所美国学校可以通过此系统来申请。
Common Application
(通常被称作Common App)是美国以及其他一些国家的大学本科入学的一站式申请网站,目前已经广泛适用于800百多所美国大学,其中包括哈佛,耶鲁,普林斯顿等名校。它的使命是鼓励申请者使用这种一站式的申请,简化原本复杂繁琐的程序,包括申请文书、推荐信的提交,以及SAT分数和班级排名的报告等主客观因素。
近日,CA申请系统更新了2020-2021申请季的申请文书题目提示。据官网最新消息发布:Common App 2020-2021新生申请的PS文书题目将保持不变,即沿用2019-2020申请季的PS文书题目,申请者可从7大文书题目中任选一个写作。
题目一:Some students have a background, identity, interest, or talent that is so meaningful they believe their application would be incomplete without it. If this sounds like you, then please share your story.
译文:如果你认为自己的某些特征,比如背景、身份、兴趣或天赋,是你不可缺少的一部分,它们会帮助你全面地展现自己,那么请分享属于你的故事。
解释:此题是Common Essay中最传统的申请短文题目之一,Common Application多次改革,自始至终一直沿用至今。申请者通过你的故事学校可以了解你的鲜明性格特点、不为人知的经历以及独树一帜的才能天赋,为学校呈现一个与众不同的自己。
题目二:The lessons we take from obstacles we encounter can be fundamental to later success. Recount a time when you faced a challenge, setback, or failure. How did it affect you, and what did you learn from the experience?
译文:我们从苦难阻碍中学习到的经验教训对之后的成功至关重要。回忆你一次你面对挑战、阻碍或者失败的经历。它是如何影响你的,以及你从中学到了什么?
解释:正如题目提到的,美国的大学相信过去的经历塑造了今天的你,因此毫无疑问,题为写“失败”,但实则应透过这次经历展现你的“成长”。除了告诉招生官自己失败的经历外,最重要的是要让对方看到你从中获得的经验教训是什么,不要一味单纯描述失败。
这个题目比2016年增加了挑战、阻碍内容要求,之前的要求是只写失败就可以了,申请者应当书写文书时应当注意重点。
题目三:Reflect on a time when you questioned or challenged a belief or idea. What prompted your thinking? What was the outcome?
译文:回忆一次你质疑或挑战某种观念和想法的经历。是什么启发了你的思考呢? 结果如何?
解释:本题目更加趋向“在质疑某个观点后,你思考的全过程以及你挑战后的结果”,这个挑战的结果可以是成功的,也可以是失败的。重要的是这个问题对你的影响,所引发的思考以及你最终努力后达到的积极效果,避免在招生官面前造成一种“思想上的巨人,行动上的矮子”的形象。如果你选这道题,需要注意critical thinking或者challenge a belief 不是代表你要全盘否定某个想法。
这个题目也是CA逐渐完善的题目,之前题目侧重你的挑战动机是什么,升级后的重点是你做了些什么。
题目四:Describe a problem you've solved or a problem you'd like to solve. It can be an intellectual challenge, a research query, an ethical dilemma - anything that is of personal importance, no matter the scale. Explain its significance to you and what steps you took or could be taken to identify a solution.
译文:描述一个你已经解决或想要解决的问题。可以是智力挑战,研究调查,道德困境——任何对你个人来说非常重要的都行,不论大小。解释它对你的重要性,以及你是如何一步步找到或计划找到解决办法的。
解释:这道题目招生官最想看到的是分析问题和解决问题的能力,非常适合工科类、不爱肆意抒情的学生选择。从小事儿出发。只要你能说清问题对你的意义,并提出解决方法。所以还是文书的原则,以小见大。很多不专业的老师会建议学生写大事情,一个高中生哪有那么大事情可做呢?
题目五:Discuss an accomplishment, event, or realization that sparked a period of personal growth and a new understanding of yourself or others.
译文:描述让你成长或者让重新认识自己或他人的一个成就、事件、或者感悟。
解释:题目强调个人成长和自我认知。请尽情地去描绘人生中那些重要的时刻,让你成长,使你对未来的学习、生活或者某种观念有了更好的认知。事件可大可小,强调写个人成长经历中一件非常具有特殊意义的经历,让我们在思想变得更加成熟。
题目六:Describe a topic, idea, or concept you find so engaging that it makes you lose all track of time. Why does it captivate you? What or who do you turn to when you want to learn more?
译文:描述一个让沉迷其中,甚至忘记时间的话题、想法、理念。它哪里吸引你? 当你试图去了解更多的时候,你会求助于什么样的帮助?
解释:这题中考察的点和第三题,第四题相仿,都是需要考察出学生自己真正的兴趣所在, 以及自学能力中, 有没有足够的辨识度和激励性来让自己的学习继续, 和其中发生的故事或者经历。招生官希望看到applicants的学习动力以及学习能力,考察他们如何利用身边的资源来学习。大家不要忽视后半句,招生官希望看到有趣的素材。
题目七:Share an essay on any topic of your choice. It can be one you've already written, one that responds to a different prompt, or one of your own design.
译文:题目自拟,可以是你之前写好的文章或者任何你自创的选题。
解释:这道题目看似简单,但是这7个里面最难的。因为如果你发现自己写的东西和其它6道题目都有沾点边儿,但是你选了7,会有种possibility让人觉得你写的东西很散。还不如选择一个题目去写,所以选择此题目的同学一定要慎重。
那么,如何写出好文书呢?
在写作Essay的时候,谨记4个“C”就能让你下笔如有神,写出招生官想要的文书:Correctness(准确),Content(有料),Clarity (清晰),Creativity(新颖)。
准确Correctness:用词准确,时态、拼写和标点没有错误。这一标准用来评判学生是否具备基本英文写作能力。
有料Content:检查文章是否围绕学生自身来写,是否真实,是否展现学生个性、才能以及思想深度,能否引起反思。
清晰Clarity:文章简洁,观点清晰明确;运用恰当的措辞、词汇、语法以及多样精致的句式结构,这是即将步入大学的高中生应该必备的。
新颖Creativity:能否吸引读者的注意力?主题表达是否新颖?
在写文章时没有一个固定的所谓完美的题材。招生官喜欢阅读许多不同主题和题材的文章,只要这篇文章是真实可信的,同时也表达出学生真正的想法,并且还包含了以上提到的四点。
最后摘选一篇Essay:
----来自青少年创新与挑战计划
小M现就读于斯坦福大学
录取结果:8所藤校及斯坦福、MIT、芝加哥
背景:毕业于北达科他州的Fargo North High School
ACT:35分(满分为36分);
参加过很多数学竞赛;
是Fargo Youth Initiative项目的创始人和共同主席;
同时多才多艺,喜欢并参与田径、游泳、小提琴、合唱等活动。
Essay
My favorite time to run is at night.
This particular run in early August brought a break to the humid, muggy weather I left on the East Coast. I used my body as a human psychrometer, knowing that the cold feeling of evaporating sweat signaled much needed dry air.
I cross over the bridge into Minnesota. Out of my three sports, cross country is definitely my worst — but I continue to be hooked on it. Unlike swimming and track, my motivation to run is heavily intrinsic. I live for the long runs I take on by myself. While they rarely happen during our season, we were assigned a long run to complete over our first weekend of cross country. In reality, I was supposed to go six miles, but felt eight gave me more time to explore the home I had just returned to. My mind begins to wander as I once again find my rhythm.
My train of thought while running is similar to the way one thinks in the minutes before sleep — except one has more control over how these thoughts progress and what tangents they move off of. While special relativity would be the "proper" thing to think about, especially at MITES, I revive the violin repertoire I had turned away from for so long and begin playing it in my head. I'm now at the edge of town in between the cornfields. The streaming floodlights on the open road give me a sense of lonely curiosity, reminiscent of the opening lines of Wieniawski's first violin concerto. I come up with adaptations of the melody in my head, experimenting with an atonality similar to Stravinsky's.
I turn south onto a highway heading towards downtown. The dark night sky is broken by the oncoming light pollution. While I've longed for a road trip across the country, the neon lights from Sunset Lanes will have to do for Las Vegas. Turning west, I see a man and perk up as I try to look more menacing than I really am. But I relinquish. I realize that I did such an act simply because of the color of his skin. I kick myself for reverting to passive racism — something I spent much of the summer trying to overcome.
The bridge over Main Avenue leads me back into North Dakota and downtown Fargo. My city is on the eve of its annual pride week — the largest in North Dakota. Beyond the rainbow flags lining downtown, I see the Catholic cathedral I attend every Sunday outside of the summer. The juxtaposition brings back memories of trying to come to terms with my own beliefs. The conservatism on my mom's side of the family often clashes with the more liberal views of my dad's family. Fargo is known for its "nice" attitude, but the discussion of controversial issues is often set aside in favor of maintaining peace. On the surface this can be good, but it makes change a long and cumbersome process, and has caused me to become very independent in finding my own belief system — something especially difficult when these beliefs may have to do with your future identity.
The remaining part of my run is short and uneventful. The fact that the traffic lights have switched to blinking yellow and red means that I have been out later than usual. When I get home, I find that my run took somewhere around an hour — I honestly don't care about time during my distance runs. Longs runs are often seen as a runner battling the distance rather than time. But for me, long runs are a journey — both physically and mentally. Each time I run a route, I understand my surroundings and city more and more, and couldn't be more excited and sad to know that I'm leaving this place in a year's time.
比邻主义留学:
数位创始人均为行业内传奇人物,专注于美国留学申请,给你私人订制的留学方案。
已为1000+中国学生,申请到哈佛大学、牛津大学、剑桥大学、普林斯顿大学、哥伦比亚大学、巴黎高师、香港大学、东京大学等全球顶尖名校。