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猜!猜!猜! 四六级猜词技巧大补贴

在英语学习中，我们自然会遇到许多生词。这时，许多人立即翻阅字典，查找词义。 其实，这种做法是不科学的。它不但费时费力，而且影响阅读速度。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落有着互相制约的关系。我们可以利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。猜测词义时，可利用以下线索：

一 针对性解释

针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等所作的解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性，利用它们猜词义比较容易。

１.根据定义猜测词义如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义，理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。

例如：anthropology is the scientific study of man. 由定义可知，anthropology就是“研究人类的科学”。

In slang the term "jam" constitutes a state of being in which a personfinds himself or herself in a difficult situation.同样，从上下文的定义可知jam一词在俚语中的意思是“困境”。

定义句的谓语动词多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, refer to,be called, be known as, define, represent, signify, constitute等。

2.根据复述猜测词义

虽然复述不如定义那样严谨、详细，但是提供的信息足以使阅读者猜出生词词义。 复述部分可以适当词、短语或是从句。

同位语Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are tospeak and read intelligently.此例逗号中短语意为“对词意义进行研究的学科”。该短语与前面生词semanties式同位关系，因此我们不难猜出semanties指“语义学”。

在复述中构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号，冒号，分号，引号，和括号等。

Capacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most common characteristics of electronic circuits.由同位语我们很快猜出生词capacitance词义---电容量。

需要注意的是：同位语前还常有or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other,say i. e. 等副词或短语出现。

定语从句Krabacber suffers from SAD, which is short for seasonal affective disorder,a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings. 根据生词SAD后面定语从句which is short for seasonal affective disorder和同位语a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings, 我们可以推断出SAD含义，即“季节性情绪紊乱症”。

根据举例猜测词义恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索，例如：The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area as they were inthe past. 句中“战争”和“重大科学发现”是生词的实例，通过它们我们可以猜出epochal的 大致词义“重要的”，这与其确切含义“划时代的”十分接近。

二 内在逻辑关系

根据内在逻辑关系推测词义是指运用语言知识分析和判断相关信息之间存在的逻辑关系,然后根据逻辑关系推断生词词义或大致义域。

1． 根据对比关系猜测词义

在一个句子或段落中，有对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述，我们可以根据生词或难词的反义词猜测其词义。

例如：Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in contrast,is quite humble and modest.该例中supercilious对许多人来说可能是个生词，但是句中短语in contrast，（相对照的，相对比的）可以提示我们supercilious和后面词组humble and modest（谦卑又谦虚）是对比关系。分析出这种关系后，我们便能猜出supercilious意为“目空一切的，傲慢的”。

表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要是unlike，not，but，however，despite，in spite of，in contrast 和while 引导的并列句等。

A good supervisor can recognize instantly the adept workers from the unskilled ones.该句中并未出现上面提到的表示对比关系的词或短语，但是通过上下文可以判断出句子前后是对比关系，即把熟练工人与非熟练工人区分开。这时我们也能够推断出生词adept的词义，“熟练的”。

2． 根据比较关系猜测词义

同对比关系相反，比较关系表示意义上的相似关系．

例如：Green loves to talk，and his brothers are similarly loquacious.该句中副词similarly表明短语loves to talk与生词loquacious之间的比较关系。以此可以推断出loquacious词义为“健谈的”。

表示比较关系的词和短语主要是similarly，like，just as，also等。

3． 根据因果关系猜测词义

在句子或段落种，若两个事物、现象之间构成因果关系，我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推知生词词义。

例如：Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.根据原因状语从句的内容，我们可以推断出生词autocratic指“独断专行的”。

There were so many demonstrators in the Red Square that he had to elbow hisway through the crowd.此句为结果状语从句，根据从句的描书“许多示威者”，我们便可推知elbow的词意“挤，挤过”。

4． 根据同义词的替代关系猜测词义

在句子或段落种，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境推断生词词义。

例如：Although he often had the opportunity, Mr. Tritt was never able to steal money from a customer. This would have endangered his position at the bank,and he did not want to jeopardize his future. 作者为避免重复使用endanger一词，用其同义词jeopardize来替代它，由此推知其词义为“使. . . 陷入危险，危及、危害”。

Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. Theyalso regard drinking as harmful. 句中detrimental四个生词，但判断出harmful替代detrimental后，不难推断出其词义为“不利的，有害的”。

三 外部相关因素

外部相关因素是指篇章(句子或段落)以外的其他知识。有时仅靠分析篇章内在逻辑关系无法猜出词义。这时,就需要运用生活经验和普通常识确定词义。

例如：Husband：it's really cold out tonight.Wife: Sure it is. My hands are practically numb.How about lighting the furnace?根据生活经验，天气寒冷时，手肯定是“冻僵的，冻得麻木的”。The snake slithered through the grass.根据有关蛇的生活习性的知识，我们可以推断出slither词义为“爬行”。在猜测词义过程中，除了使用上面提到的一些技巧，我们还可以依靠构词方面的知识，从生词本身猜测词义。

1． 根据前缀猜测词义

例如：He fell into a ditch and lay there, semiconscious, for a few minutes.根据词根conscious（清醒的，有意识的），结合前缀semi（半，部分的，不完全的）， 我们便可猜出semiconscious词义“半清醒的，半昏迷的”。

I'm illiterate about such things.词根literate意为“有文化修养的，通晓的”，前缀il表示否定，因此illiterate指“一窍不通，不知道的”。

2． 根据后缀猜测词义

例如：Insecticide is applied where it is needed.后缀cide表示“杀者，杀灭剂”，结合大家熟悉的词根insect（昆虫），不难猜出insecticide意为“杀虫剂”。

Then the vapor may change into droplets.后缀let表示“小的”，词根drop指“滴，滴状物”。将两个意思结合起来，便可推断出droplet词义“小滴，微滴”。

3．根据复合词的各部分猜测词义

例如：Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output.Hightlight或许是一个生词，但是分析该词结构后，就能推测出其含义。它是由high（高的，强的）和light（光线）两部分组成，合在一起便是“以强光照射，使突出”的意思。

Bullfight is very popular in Spain.Bull（公牛）和fight（打，搏斗）结合在一起，指一种在西班牙颇为流行的体育运动---斗牛。

综上所述，利用各种已知信息推测、判断词义是一项重要的阅读技巧。在实践中，我 们可以灵活运用，综合运用上面提到的几种猜测技巧，排除生词的障碍，顺利理解文章的思想内容，提高阅读速度。

六级听力常用人名：

Anna 安娜（女子名：Ann昵体）

Beckman 贝克曼

Belton 贝尔顿

Beth 贝思（女子名，Elizabeth的昵称）

Betty 贝蒂（女子名，Elizabeth的昵称）

Bill 比尔（男子名，William的昵称）

Billy 比利（男子名，William的昵称）

Brown 布朗（姓氏）

Browning 布朗宁（姓氏）

Bush 布什（姓氏）

Carter 卡特（姓氏，男子名）

Chamberlain 张伯伦（姓氏）

Clark 克拉克（姓氏，男子名）

Clinton 克林顿（姓氏，男子名）

Harry 哈里（男子名，Henry的昵称）

Jane 简（女子名，Joan{n}的昵称）

Lawson 劳森（姓氏）

Linda 琳达（女子名）

Mary 玛丽（女子名）

Michael 迈克尔（男子名）

Miller 米勒（姓氏）

Nobel 诺贝尔（姓氏）

Addison 阿迪森（姓氏）

Jim 吉姆（男子名，James的略称或昵称）

Joe 乔（男子名，Joseph的昵称）

John 约翰（男子名）

Johnson 约翰逊（姓氏）

Jack 杰克（男子名，也作John的俗称或昵称）

Lee 李（姓氏，男子名，女子名）

Paul 保罗（姓氏，男子名）

Peterson 皮特森（男子名）

Robert 罗伯特（男子名，昵称为：Bert, Bertie, Bobby, Dob, Dobbin, Rob, Bobin）

Smith 史密斯（姓氏）

Susan 苏珊（女子名）

Watson 沃森（姓氏）

William 威廉（男子名）

Wilson 威尔逊（姓氏，男子名）

Thatcher 撒切尔（女子名）

地名、国家：

California 加利福尼亚

England 英格兰

French 芬兰

French 法国（人）的

Hollywood 好莱坞

London 伦敦

Mexico 墨西哥

Ohio 俄亥俄州

Pacific 太平洋

Philadelphia 费城

Poland 波兰

Polish 波兰人的

Scottish 苏格兰的

Seine （流经巴黎的）塞纳河

Sicily 西西里（岛)[意大利]

Singapore 新加坡

Toronto 多伦多

Washington 华盛顿

Zaire 扎伊尔

要想过六级 苦干加巧干

词汇

词汇是基础，应该摆在六级准备的前头。没有词汇做基础，在进行阅读时很可能会一眼望去一大片的生词，只能读懂只言片语，从而影响正确理解，减慢进度。扩大词汇量其实是个日积月累的过程，要是时间不是那么紧迫的话，建议平时多扩大阅读，在语境中正确理解词义，学会相

关的搭配，同时语感也会增强。（《21th century》里就有挺多六级词汇的。）特别是多次接触一个词，自然记得深，不容易遗忘。

手上要有一本词汇手册，但不要以为越厚越好，越全越好，相反找一本精选核心词汇，因为很多大纲里的词是很少作为考点的，有些甚至从未出现过，如apron（围裙），atlas（地图集、第一颈椎）等一些lifeless的词，看过几遍还是记不住，因为复现率太低。所以还是找本六级常考词汇，而且有例句的那种，通过背例句记用法和词义而不是死抠中文释义。（四级词汇很经典，要全看，一些基础不好的同学有必要先把四级词汇巩固一遍！）

词汇的背诵也有技巧，要注意词汇之间的比较和归类，，像priceless和invaluable都表示“无价”，而valueless和worthless表示“‘毫无价值”；一些形近词也是考点，如considerate（考虑周到的）和considerable（可观的）；要掌握一些常见的词缀，如post-表示“后面的”，eg．postwar（战后），anti－，counter一表示“反对，相对”。

阅读

▲一篇文章做下来，有时候自我感觉良好，把答案一对，觉得和想象的差很远。很多同学反映六级阅读比四级阅读难得多，就在于六级阅读选项里有很多细节题，选项之间区分不大，觉得模棱两可的，拿不准。我的建议是：不要自我臆断或是凭直觉而掉入陷阱，一定不要偷懒！要回去找原文！正确的答案往往是能在原文里找出确凿的依据的。

▲六级阅读不适合粗看一遍原文，再带着问题去search的方法，因为有很多细节题型，很可能因为错过一个关键词或关键句而掉入陷阱。相反，应该先仔细看一遍全文，再去看题，再回原文找，时间固然要多花些，但这样的话，你可以仔细地只做一遍，保证正确率，省去检查，众所周知，有时间回头检查的可能性不大，而且检查也有可能把原本选对的改错，所以我提倡做阅读一遍且仅一遍！

▲注意一些key words如转折词，对把握作者的态度和找出主题句有关键作用。

阅读要做为考试的重点项目来对待，要通过大量练习，尤其是要做真题，做多了自然能“嗅出”六级考试的出题思路。

写作

▲写作其实是六级考试里比较容易突击的部分。因为大多题目是议论文，所以一定要掌握一些句型和衔接用的词组，如on the whole，on one hand…on the other hand，as every coin has two sides，as the saying goes，掌握一些号召型的，推测型的，结论型的结尾。

▲注意使用的单词要有variety，包括用多个词表达一个意思或是采用词性的变化，如advantageous，beneficial，advisable，profitable之间可交替着用。more valuable若用of morevahe替代会更有神。加一些副词如greatly，inevitably，可以增强语气（也可以增加字数），像increase和increase steadily／remarkably／slightly表达出来的效果肯定不一样。

▲一篇好的作文一定要有一些闪光点，让判卷老师眼前一亮，有个好印象，可以使用一些“高级词汇”，比如不要反复用一些像important这样初中就学了的，可以用essential，crucial，indispensable等替代，当然，要是对一些单词的拼写不是很确定的话，宁愿不要去用这个词。闪光点也可以是一句虚拟语气，（同样，要是你没有把握写对时，也不要去铤而走险。）还可以引入一些名言谚语，恰好文部每期的四六级刊物里《智慧语丝》栏目里都有很多。

▲字数要够，但不能为凑字数而加些不知其所以然的废话，这样反而给判卷老师留下很坏的印象。可以在内容上进行拓展，比如引入例证或深入探讨现象，对其进行预测或是说如果这一现象继续会带米什么后果，所以要号召大家共同努力制止这一现象等。检查，一定要检查！粗俗地过一遍很容易就能发现一些如时态上的小问题，这些小毛病也是也是很要命的！

考前要坚持统几篇，把握把握时间，再与范文作比较，找出范文的亮点，认真总结。

最后一点，基础十技巧十努力，自己的努力是最重要的，没有下功夫，一切技巧全部失效。

考试作文常用套语

1.At present,currently,lately,recently,nowadays,these years,in the past several decades,over the last several years

2.at the turn of the century

3.Thanks to China''s reform and opening-up policy,...has witnessed great economic and social progress in the past two decades.

4.With the (rapid,marked,amazing,eye-catching,remarkable,fantastic)development/progress/growth/advance/improvement of economy/society/industry/living standard,great changes have taken place in...

5.At the mercy of the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology,there are rapid changes in all aspects of our everyday life.

6.with the arrival/advent of the invention of.../the information age/the 21st century/the economy age

7.We are now entering a brand new era.The 21st century is a time of advanced scientific and technological knowledge.

8.The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history.We have just crossed the threshold of the 21st century and the curtain of the new millenium is slowly rising.

人类已进入了历史上的一个全新阶段.我们刚刚跨入21世纪的门槛,新千年的帷幕正在徐徐升起.

9.We are blessed with new opportunities and faced with new challenges.

我们被赋予新的机会,并且面临着新的挑战.

10.With the increasingly more rapidly economic globalization and urbanization,more problems are brought to our attention.

随着日益迅速的经济全球化和城市化,更多的问题受到我们的关注.

11.as...develops

随着....的发展

12.along with the development of ..., more and more.....

随着.....的发展,越来越多......

13.In the past few years,there has been a sharp growth boom/decline in....

在过去几年内,....有显著增长/激增/明显滑坡.....

14,with the steady growth in the country's economy as well as the people' living standard,

随着国家经济和人民生活水平的稳步增长,

15.as living tempo/pace quickens,

随着生活节奏的不断加快,

16.While the rhythm/pace /tempo of people's living is speeding up,a lot of changes have taken place in....

人民生活节奏加快的同时,....也发生了很多变化.

17.with the fantastic spur both in industry and its economy in China,the number of... is on the fire.

随着中国工业经济的迅猛发展,....的数目不断上升.

18.It is commonly believed that the rise in .... is the inevitable result of economic development.

人们普遍认为,......的增长是经济发展的必然结果.

19.In recet years,China has experienced an alarming increase in....

最近几年来,中国.....有了惊人的增长.

20.Nowadays more and more people begin to realize/be aware of/motice the importance of the problem of education/pollution/unemployment.

现在越来越多的人开始认识到教育,污染,失业问题的重要性.

21.We often find ourselves caught/involved in a dilemma whether we should reach for the bear's paw or for the shark's fin....

我们常常发现自己陷入一个进退维谷的境地:是取鱼翅还是熊掌....

22.There is a growing worldwide awareness of the need for....

世界性的对...需要的认识正在不断深入.

23.Recently the issue/problem of... has been in the limelight/brought into fcus/brought to public attention/concern.

最近...的问题引起了人们的注意/成了焦点问题/引起了公众的注意/关注.

24.Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern.

最近这个现象引起了广泛关注.

25.One of the (universal/pressing/burning/urgent) problems/issues we are faced with(confronting us) is that...

我们面临的其中一个全球性的/紧迫的/迫在眉睫的问题是....

26.Recently the problem/issue/conflict has become the focus/concern of the public.

最近这个问题/冲突成了公众关注的焦点/中心.

27.There is a (public/grneral/heated/impassioned) debate/discussion/controversy today/nowadays as to/over/on/concerning the issue/problem of...Those who criticize/oppose/object to...contend/argue that ....They believe that...But people who advocate/favor/are for...,on the other hand,maintain/assert that...

当前,人们就某事/现象展开了激烈/广泛的/热烈的讨论/争论.批评/反对的人们辩称....,他们认为.....然而,支持者却认为.....

28.A public debate has arisen as to the phenomenon of ...

关于...的现象引发了一场公众讨论.

29.There is a long-running debate as to whether....

关于是否....有一场持久论战.

30.It is undeniable that ... has become the biggest concern of the present-day world.

不可否认的是,...已成了当今世界最令人关注的问题.

31.Now it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/accepted/recognized that... They claim/argue/hold that....,but I wonder/doubt whether....

现在人们普遍认为.....人们认为.....但是我怀疑它是否....

32.According to a(n) survey/investigation/analysis/statistics/report released/conducted/made by...,there is a growing/increasing/declining number of...who/which....

根据...发表的/所做的一份调查/分析/统计数据/报告,......的数目呈上升/下降的趋势.

33.Once in a newspaper/magazine,I hit upon(came across) the report that...

有一次,在一份报纸/一本杂志上,我看到过一篇报道.....

34.This case has aroused echoes throughout the country,with more and more people following its lead,but ideas about it vary widely.

这个时间在全中国生产的生了反响,随着越来越多的人步其后尘,对它的看法却有很大的不同.

35.The discussion about whether or not... is a very controversial one.There are people on both sides of the argument who have strong feelings.

关于是否...的讨论是个很有争议性的问题.争论的双方情绪都非常激动.

36.Those who criticize/oppose/object to/are against ... contend/argue/hold that...but people who advocate/favor/are for...,on the other hand,maintain/assert/claim that...

批评/反对...的人争论/认为....,但是支持/赞成.....的人则认为/声称.....

37.Some argue/hold that...,but others set forth a totally different argument about the issue of...

有些人争论/认为....,但另外一些人则对....的问题提出了完全不同的观点.

38.The other side of the coin has voiced strong opposition saying that....

争论的另一方发表了强烈的反对声音,声称....

文章开头句型

1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,

适用于有争议性的主题.

例如(e.g)

[1]. When asked about....., the vast/overwhelming majority of people

say that ....... But I think/view a bit differently.

[2]. When it comes to .... , some people bielive that ....... Others

argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth

in both arguements/statements , but (I tend to the profer/latter ...)

[3]. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged

that .... They claim/believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....

1-2 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 .

e.g

[1]. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) ... has cause/

aroused public/popular/wide/worldwide concern.

[2]. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of ...

has been brought into focus. ( has been brouth to public attention)

[3].Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the

new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.

----- To be continued !!

1-3 观点法 ----开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.

e.g:

[1]. Never history has the change of .. been as evident as ...

Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of .. benn more visible/

popular than...

[2]. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/

coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...

[3]. Now there is a growing awareness/recognation ot the necessity

to......

Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ......

[4]. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea

that.......

1-4 引用法 ----- 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点!

e.g:

[1]. "Knowledge is power." such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark

has been shared by more and more people .

"Education is not complete with gradulation." Such is the opnion of a

great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opnion.

[2]."........." How often we hear such statements/words like thoses

/this .

In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as

this "......".

1-5 比较法 ------ 通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点.

e.g:

[1]. For years, ...had been viewed as ... But people are taking a fresh

look now. With the growing ... , people ....... .

[2]. People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now

share this new .

1-6 故事法 ---- 先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题.

e.g:

[1]. Once in (a newspaper) , I read of/learnt .... The phenemenon of

... has aroused public concern.

[2]. I have a friend who ... Should he .... ? Such a dilemma we are

often confront with in our daily life.

[3]. Once upon a time , there lived a man who ... This story may be

(unbelievable) , but it still has a realistic significance now.

1-8 问题法 ----- 先用讨论或解答的设问, 引出自己观点, 适用于有争议性的话题.

e.g:

Should/What ...... ? Options of ... vary greatly , some ..., others ...

But in my opinion , ...... .

如何写好四六级英语作文

2 文章中间主体内容句型

<一> 原因结果分析

3-1-1. 基本原因 --- 分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因.

e.g:

[1]. Why ... ? For one thing.. For another ...

[2]. The answer to this problem invovles many factors. For one thing...

For another...... Still another ...

[3]. A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect ....

/both individual and social contribute to ....

3-1-2 另一原因 --------> 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用!

e.g:

[1]. Another important factor is ....

[2]. ... is also responsible for the change/problem.

[3]. Certainly , the ... is not the sole reason for .....

3-1-3 后果影响 --------- 分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响 .

e.g:

[1]. It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on....

[2]. In involves some serious consequence for ........

< 二 > 比较对照句型

3-2-1. 两者比较 ---> 比较两事物, 要说出其一超过另一个, 或肯定一事物的优点, 也肯定其缺点的时候用 !

e.g:

[1]. The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantages

we gain from B.

[2]. Indeed, A carries much weight when compared with B.

[3]. There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as

positive effects.

3-2-2 . 两者相同/相似 ------> 比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用!

e.g:

[1]. A and B have several thing in common.

They are similar in that.....

[2]. A bears some sriking resemblance(s) to B.

文章结尾形式

2-1 结论性--------- 通过对文章前面的讨论 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点 .

e.g:

[1]. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the

conclusion that .....

[2]. In summary/In a word , it is more valuable .......

2-2 后果性------ 揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果.

e.g:

[1]. We must call for an immediate method , because the current

phenomenon of ... , if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy

cost of .......

[2]. Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is

every chance that .. will be put in danger .

2-3 号召性 -------- 呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意.

e.g:

[1]. It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable

tendcy of ......

[2]. It is essential thar effective measures should be taken to

correct the tendency .

2-4 建议性 -------- 对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法.

e.g:

[1]. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The

most popular is .... Another method is ... Still another one is .....

[2]. Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the

situation.

2-5 方向性的结尾方式 ---- 其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向或者指明前景.

e.g:

[1]. Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some

sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be recognized in a

wide way .

[2]. There is no quick method to the issue of .., but .. might be

helpful/benefical.

[3]. The great challenge today is ...... There is much difficulty ,

but ........

2--6 意义性的结尾方式 --------> 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义!

e.g:

[1]. Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but

the pay off might be worth the effort . It will not only benefit but also

benefit .....

[2]. In any case, whether it is posotive or negative, one thing is

certain that it will undoubtedly ......

四级核心词笔记

√ assert >> assets,asset,assess,access

√ convention >> treaty,agrement,contract

convert >> transform,convey

devil

exclude

intense >> intensive

priority >> privilege

out come

resort >> restore

soar >> boost

utilize >> make use of

√ convict >> guilty,convey

√ dictate >> dictation

exhibit

intent >> intense

√ responsible

solemn >> earnest,serious

associate

exhaust

coordinate

digest

outset

profile

profit

sophisticated

trap

trap

budget

correspondence

counsel >> council

explode

√ prominent >> dominate

prompt

rttail >> retain,restrain,resort,restore

bulk

√ disposal

grab >> size,grasp

property >> possession,quality

√ proportion

species

bump >> clash,pump,lump,dumb

crew

√ dimension

√ prospect

prosperity

revolt >> rebel,riot

specimen >> species

√ spectacular

√ speculate >> assume

trim

vocational

cruise

hostile

intimate

protest >> protect

provided >> provision

province

ridge

spin

spiritual

spit

√ triumph >> victory,win

introduce

provision

√ provoke

ridiculous

sponsor

√ cue >> curse

discipline

discount

owing

pulse

rival >> rural

statue >> status

steep

stem >> stem from

tutor >> 包含uct

√ disguise >> disgust

mould

stir

stoop >> steep,steer

strap

curse >> cruise

exterior

humble

pursue >> chase,pursuit

rust

strategy

stretch >> extend,enlarge

boast >> be proud of

bold >> brave,fearless

√ concede >> confess,concur

delegate

delicate

protrait

religion

√ ingredient

postpone

poverty

remark >> utter

severe >> serious,strict

shed

timber

wicked >> evil

apparatus

confront

conjunction >> joint

√ deliberate

estate >> establish

term >> in terms of

optimistic

tissue

apparent

√ conscious >> aware

√ consent >> agreement

consequence >> result

conservative

frustrate >> discourage

mineral

√ nuisance >> annoyance

precise >> accurate,precision

toast >> roast

tolerance >> patience

precision

√ remedy

√ precaution

condemn >> criticize,blame,dame

condense

√ deposit

√ derive

preface

preferable >> preference

violate

bounce >> bound

minus

orbit

√ appropriate

descend >> decline,decent

constitution

√ deserve

√ reputation

sincere

torture

wit

brake

√ deputy

dispair

instinct >> institute

√ moderate >> appropriate

√ prevail

√ priest

√ resemble

reserve >> reservation

√ contract >> contrast

√ desperate

contemporary

contest >> contrast

destination

exceed >> excess

insult >> result

√ primitive >> prime

tragedy >> comedy,tragic

withstand

breast >> breath

√ contrary >> opposite,contrast

destruction >> construction

√ exclusive

√ slope

clarify >> justify

dumb >> dump,bump

harsh >> harm

√ pessimistic >> optimistic

swell >> swallow

√ receipt >> receive

phase >> stage,aspect

vertical

clumsy >> awkward

coarse >> harsh

embassy >> ambassador

sympathy

symptom

synthetic

vessel >> container

collapse

collision >> bump,clash

flame

knot

pierce >> thrust

reckon

margin >> marine

pillar

pit

pinch

√ recommend >> command

√ recreation >> entertainment

√ sanction >> permit

terminal

welfare

farewell

dash >> rush

√ bid >> offer

plantation

scandal

plot

scenery

textile >> fabric

whereas

√ decay

√ deceive

√ decent

inevitable

neutral

plug >> plunge,launch

refugee

regardless >> regarding

via >> through,by way of

blend

opponent >> enemy

poison >> drug

vibrate

forge >> fake

poll

vice >> evil,assistant

√ comprise

compromise

√ episode

inform >> conform,reform

nonsense

√ victim

dive

diverse >> vary

racial >> race

strip >> stripe

√ abide >> fulfill,perform

submerge

bacterium

√ absurd

dominant

√ raid

vapor

√ abuse

barrel

elaborate

√ mutual

√ nasty

√ passion >> pension,patience

rally

succession >> successor

tedious

barrier >> humber >> bar,obstacle

quotation >> cite,quote

suicide

rank >> line row

accord

√ charity

dose

fatigue >> exhaustion

peer >> peep

penetrate

√ rational >> reasonable,ratio

superb >> superme >> superficial

charm >> charming >> harm

chase

√ drama >> dramatic

draught

eliminate

√ perceive >> realize,comprehend,perception

surrender >> yield

√ accustomed >> custom

accumulate

√ acknowledge

acquaint

behalf >> behave

dramatic

elegant

harmony

naval

√ reality >> realistic

suspend

√ undertake

circuit >> route,circular

cite >> mention,instance

√ fertile

manufacture

√ perspective >> viewpoint,outlook

√ realm >> sphere,sope,kindom,reality

weed

excursions

√ perspective

apprentice

acquaintance

swarm

frailty >> feeble

reflection

or so

×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××

以下是做题和阅读中随时遇见不会的抄下来的，可能和上面的词重复出现。

participate

reception

interval

status

mentally

property

vary

encounter

interaction >> interpretation

constant

√ appraisal

fabric

rack

wealth

affair

prospect

genuine

manual

predict

extent >> extensive

wild

depart

√ presentation

√ appropriately >> appraisal

tighten

restore

accurate

包含uction

gesture

delight

√ distress

√ sociability

consequence

maintain

present

anticipation

hand out

achievement

restrict >> restrain

√ parliament

ignore

motorist

impose

pedestrian

exceed

vehicle

impose >> dispose

due

density

advisory

authorities

raise >> arouse,arose rose

essential

√ indispensable

toilet

strict >> restrict

punctuality

represent

community

now that >> since

be used to >> 很习惯于：used to >> 过去经长

object to >> oppose to ,be used to ,see to ,admit to ,contribute to ,submit to, resort to,take to.以上词后的to为介词。

stick to

so long as >> as long as

so far as

yield to

least of

in place of

in terms of by means of

by way of

break down

break off

broke up

adapt to

set about

√ for all

but for

come across

come about

bolt

crop

adsorb

√ inspire

recitation

ceremonial

magnificent

sailor

suspect

companionship

companionship

domestic

√ estate

exhibition

enterprises

proposal >> disposal

refuel

precautions

outlook

overlook

silent

still >> spill

√ credulous >> credible

√ indifferently

bluntly

contact >> contract

comprehensive >> comprehensible

recommend

authority

convince

convenient

explosion

frank

measures

ally

profoundly >> profoundly change

demand

mood

consult >> consult a doctor

construction

lest

polite >> political

theme

exceed

lad

pull up

raw >> raw materials

defect >> defeat

steady

refine

glance >> glimpse

inflation

√ supervise

plain >> plan

furnish

possibility

separately

√ engage >> engage in

interfere

barrier >> foremost barrier

heal

heap

heel

herd

heroine

√ identical

identify

idle

ignore >> ignorant

illegal

image >> imagine

immigrant

patient

instance >> instant

import >> export

deed

insurance >> insure

interfere

invade

issue

infer

occur

jewel

joint >> join

invent >> invest,investigate

lamb >> lamp,lame

assignment

linguist

botanist

economist

chemist

scientist

philosopher

politician

physicist

mathematician

biologist

physiologist

psychologist

population

assign

suffer

mild

accustomed >> accustomed to

culture

January

February

march

April

may

June

July

august

September

October

November

December

sight

adequate

permanent

portion

affection

faint

thrive

submit

yield

surrender

hedges

lawn

avenge

enthusiasm

√ embrace

discard

hamper >> barrier

recession

thread >> thread of hope

yield >> yield a large crop of fruit

harness

thrive

√ combat

√ dispose >> impose,dispose of,propose

√ recruit

sustain

withdraw

transform

√ gravitate

√ oblige

restrain

interfere

preserve

excess

polish

sponsor

transmit

√ compatible

distinguish

√ fascinate

√ impartial >> partial

merit

render

√ sanction

deposit >> disposal

√ jeopardy >> dangerous

outlet

priority

√ substitute >> replace

postpone

刷新

thumb

acquire

compromise

regard

stick

transparent

boost

initiative

lodge

obedience

rectify

relieve

blunt

√ competent

spite >> in spite of

tear

√ recognition

√ assure >> assume,resume

relevant

authority

capacity

constitute >> constitution

consume

gear >> gear to

√ mechanism >> the mechanism of government

strain >> strain one`s eyes/ears/voice

confine

√ deliberation >> deliberately,elaborate

sacrifice

√ spare

upright

credit

essence

pregnant

venture >> adventure

domestic >> dynamic

√ exert

collide

elaborate >> deliberation

pledge >> hedges,edge,assure

zest

√ crucial

√ eliminate

generalize

plunge

√ vex

cultivate

likewise

punctual

synthetic

√ yawn

edge >> pledge

show up

assure of

corporation

under arrest

contribute

√ intellectual

obligation

an important set of

head >> where i was heading

in line >> filed in line

length

××××××××××××××××××××

or so

even if

come up

about to

above all

access to

account for

act on

add up to

all but >> almost,nearly

all the same

as far as >> so far as

as good as

as long as

as to

as well

ask after

back up

bound for

by all means

by far

by and by

call up

√ care for

carry out

charge for

charge with

英语怪才（4、6级双百）

编者按：你是否正为不能说一口流利的英语而苦恼？你是否正为英语过不了级而烦心？对很多人来说，学英语是一件非常痛苦的事，但有些人却并非如此，他们对英语学习游刃有余，考试总能拿到高分——我们估且称他们为“英语怪才”。本版从今天起系列推出他们的学习心得，敬请关注。

“怪才”简介

曹清燕，华中师大99级政治系学生。2001年6月取得英语四级100分；2002年1月取得英语六级100分。现为华中师大马克思主义理论与思想政治教育专业研究生。

四、六级不仅都是一次性通过，还取得了难得的双百分，在常人看来这几乎是不可能的事情。但曹清燕告诉记者，只要复习方法得当，英语考试得高分是很实际的。

词汇——抛开字典从题开始

曹清燕说，自己刚开始复习四级时，也买了一本字典“啃”，可是不久，她就发现这个方法既浪费时间也没什么效果。于是，她果断地换了另一种方法——边做题边记单词。“有很多同学喜欢一开始复习就做整套试卷，其实我个人觉得这样效果不会很好。复习也应该讲究步骤，我是先攻单词、再攻阅读、再攻听力和其他，最后用试卷整合。各个击破，把握就会大得多。”

曹清燕用了一个月的时间专攻单词。她买了相关的资料，每天坚持做两到三套。对于那些错题，包括蒙对的题，她都做了详细的记录，并查阅字典，将每个不熟悉的单词的常用意义、基本用法等写在题目后面，力争当时就记下来。

单词很容易忘记或混淆，所以曹清燕养成了每天做新的题目之前，先把昨天做过的题目再看一遍，特别是自己做错的地方，以此来检查是否真的记住了。

“四六级的词汇是有限的，如果你坚持每天都和这些单词打交道，就会发现其实记住它们并不难。另外，做阅读的时候也不要放过任何一个出现过的新单词，无论是在文章里还是题目中。结合句子记单词，效率很高。”

阅读——从量到质积累语感

有了牢固的词汇基础后，曹清燕转而主攻阅读。方法和记单词差不多，也是坚持每天做专门的阅读试题，一天四到八篇。

曹清燕对记者说，有些同学做阅读时喜欢先看题再直接到文章里找答案，她个人则认为这样不妥。“有些问题很难直接从文章中找到现成的答案，再加上选项往往具有迷惑性，因此只看题不读文章很容易让自己的思维变得主观和片面，从而造成失分。”

曹清燕的方法，是先用两到三分钟把文章粗略地看一遍。心中有了大致梗概后再看题目，最后回到文章中找答案。

阅读理解满分难得。曹清燕说，自己也是一步一步坚持过来的。她告诉记者，自己复习阅读时，到了第二十天左右还会出现一套题错6个到7个之多的情况。她笑言，这是量变积累还不到质变的阶段，这时，最关键就是心态了，一定不能气馁甚至放弃。果然，这样坚持下来，到了考试之前，自己的阅读已经能做到基本无错题了。

曹清燕坦言，阅读做到一定程度，就能培养出所谓的“语感”，有时即使文章看不太懂，也能凭借着这种感觉找到正确答案。

听力——从易到难循序渐进

曹清燕复习听力时，刚开始并没有直接做模拟听力，而是找来《英语中级听力》来训练。“这套练习的优点是难度从低到高，平均难度适中，能让人循序渐进，而且题型全面。”

曹清燕说，经过这样的一段训练后，她才正式利用模拟听力磁带，并结合模拟试题和真题进行全面的复习。

至于作文，曹清燕说自己没有特别复习，因为掌握了大量的词汇，读了大量的好文章，作文也就自然“水到渠成”了。

由于有了之前对问题的个个击破，曹清燕说最后一段时间的试卷复习很轻松，错的地方很少，基本上只用查缺补漏了。这样保持着良好的心情和状态，正式考试时自然发挥很好。

感悟——持之以恒温故知新

整个采访中，曹清燕强调地最多的就是“坚持，不能中断”。她回想自己复习六级时，曾因为要考口语而耽误了几天复习，结果当她再拿起练习时，自己就感觉到强烈的陌生。因此，她的感触便是“复习期间，最好每天都能做一些练习，哪怕只是简单地看看也比中断要好。”

最后，曹清燕告诉记者，英语学习的确没有捷径可走。但只要自己能持之以恒、常常温故而知新、对待问题细心认真，就能取得成绩。

【要求】

题目：Fast Food 。目前中国有两种快餐：中式快餐和西式快餐。这两种快餐相互竞争。中国的西式快餐，兴起晚但势力强。麦当劳（MacDonald），肯德基 （KFC）和比萨饼 （Pizza Hut）等。中式快餐更适合中国人口味，但往往管理不善。对此现状，请写一短文进行说明。

【范文】

Fast Food



There are at present two kinds of fast food in China: Chinese fast food and western fast food.

There are many kinds of western fast food , such as MacDonald, KFC and Pizza Hut . Western fast food industry has a longer history and more advanced management than Chinese fast food, It is especially popular among young people.

But at the same time , it also produces some negative effects on Chinese culture and tradition.

Chinese fast food suits Chinese people's taste better and finds support among all age groups. But much of the Chinese fast food industry is not well managed and needs to be improved.

【评语】

注意本文题目要求，即根据所述情况写一说明文，所以首先不要过多地加入个人感情色彩。本篇行文简练，采用总分式写作顺序，显得结构严谨。同时，在分别介绍时，抓住了其主要特点，显得贴切真实。

Act as if customers were God.

【要求】

假定你是学生会主席，学校举行一次英语演讲比赛，请根据下列要点写一份通知，向全校播出。

主题：我爱我校。

每班推选2人参加，可由本班演讲会产生。

日期：6月17日（周五）。时刻：下午2：30。

地点：校会议室。（每人限时五分钟）

【范文】

Boys and girls.

May I have your attention please?

This is Li Ming, I'm going to make an announcement on behalf of the students' union.

We are going to hold an English speech contest with the topic“I love My School”. Two students from each class are required to take part in it. You should first hold a class contest and choose the best speakers.

The contest is to take place at 2:30 P. m. on Friday, June 17th in the school meeting-room. Please remember: The time limit for each speaker is 3 minutes. Nobody is allowed to speak beyond the allotted time.

That's all. Thank you.

【评语】

文章言简意赅，语言精练，意思表达准确。

Here is a big thank you from all of us to you.

作文

英语课上老师教给同学们一句英语格言“No Pains, No Gains” （不劳则不获），并让大家围绕如下三方面以这句格言为题写一篇短文。

人们在困难面前容易气馁，并产生不劳而获的想法。

“不劳则不获”这一格言能给予人鼓励。

学生要取得优异成绩离不开苦功夫，所谓成功的秘诀即是辛勤的劳动。

【范文】

No Pains, No Gains



People attempting a task may be discouraged in front of difficulties. They start with a great interest and passion. When they find that the task will take much more effort than they thought, their interest diminishes and their passion wanes. At that time, they are likely to have the idea of reaping a good harvest without much labor.

The old saying “No pains, no gains” comes as a word of cheer to these discouraged persons. No task that is really worth doing can be done either easily or quickly. No mastery of any knowledge or skill can be gained without painstaking efforts.

We students shoulder the task of learning knowledge that calls for exertion. To improve our grades is what every student wants. We may envy those who have achieved excellence, and wonder what makes them succeed.In fact, their secret of success is no secret. It depends largely on their efforts. Good grades only belong to hardworking students.

Many thanks for the favor you did for me!

【评语】

该文紧紧围绕题目给出的三方面加以论述，层次清楚，语言流畅易懂。“interest diminishes and their passion wanes” 中词语搭配讲究，“reaping a good harvest without much labor” 用另一个习惯表达法点出了“No Pains, No Gains”的含义，同时又避免了重复。文章句式灵活，长短搭配得当，使文章朗朗上口，虽然是议论文，但却没有枯燥之感。

【要求】

题目：减肥。请根据以下要点写一短文，谈谈你对减肥的看法。

节食（diet. n.）与慢跑（jogging）是两种效果不同的减肥方法。

慢跑经济而有效；节食效果不佳。

减肥如走极端则很危险。

【范文】

Losing Weight



Many fat people want to lose weight and to be younger and slimmer. They often choose two ways----diet and jogging. Their effects are different.

Jogging is the easiest and cheapest way of shaping the body. For the price of a good pair of running shoes, anyone can join the race anywhere.

Dieting, too, has become a common way. People eat very little everyday, and the food they eat cannot supply as much nutrition as the body needs.

Both jogging and dieting, carried to extremes, can be harmful. Above all, common sense should be the keystone for any dieting and exercise scheme.

It is true that the principal part of beauty lies in decent motion.

【评语】

这是一篇有提示语的作用文，因此，一般要求在文章的段首以中心句的形式点明要点。另外，提示性的作用，切忌主观修改提示要求。议论文的优点就在于紧扣提示，层层展开，干净利落，正反相称，使文章显得公允、完整。

四六级答案规律

1。ABCD分布均匀。

即：20个阅读理解，ABCD基本上是个5个

但近年来出现4664的分布，只有一次出现了8个D

2。不可能出现3个答案相同的，例如：AAA这样的答案一般来说是有问题的。

3。词汇题是ABCD7887，最多的可以达到9个。

如果出现了10个C很有可能有问题。

声明：这种规律只能用来检查，不能用用来作题

4。听力题，前面十个听到什么就不要选什么，后面十个听到什么选什么。

5。作文应该是图表题。

切忌使用“There is................”."I think that............."这样的句子