核心含义
1️⃣ 停电/断电
✓ The city experienced a blackout last night.(昨晚全市停电)
✓ power blackout(电力中断)
2️⃣ 记忆丧失
✓ He had a blackout and couldn't remember the accident.
(他出现记忆空白,不记得事故)
3️⃣ 信息封锁
✓ media blackout(媒体封锁)
✓ The government imposed a news blackout.(政府实施新闻封锁)
4️⃣ 昏厥/意识丧失
✓ She suffered a blackout after standing up too fast.
(她起身太快导致昏厥)
高频搭配
• 电力相关
✓ total/complete blackout(全面停电)
✓ blackout curtains(遮光窗帘)
• 医疗相关
✓ alcohol-induced blackout
(酒精导致的记忆空白)
✓ temporary blackout
(暂时性意识丧失)
• 军事/政治
✓ communications blackout
(通信中断)
✓ blackout period
(信息静默期)
语法要点
可数名词:
✓ The region has frequent blackouts.(该地区经常停电)
动词形式:
✓ The storm blacked out the entire neighborhood.
(暴风雨导致整个街区停电)
近义词对比
blackout(名词/动词)
→ 侧重点:全面性中断
→ 例句:a citywide blackout
(全城停电)
→ 特点:强调完全、彻底的阻断状态,可用于电力、记忆、信息等多个领域
outage(名词)
→ 侧重点:技术性中断
→ 例句:power outage(电力中断)
→ 特点:多指技术故障导致的暂时性服务停止,通常用于电力、网络等基础设施
faint(动词/名词)
→ 侧重点:仅指昏厥
→ 例句:She fainted from hunger.
(她饿昏了)
→ 特点:专门描述因身体原因导致的短暂意识丧失,不包含记忆或电力中断的含义
interruption(名词)
→ 侧重点:一般性中断
→ 例句:service interruption
(服务中断)
→ 特点:表示普通的暂停或打断,程度较轻,不具有"blackout"的彻底性
oblivion(名词)
→ 侧重点:完全遗忘状态
→ 例句:sank into oblivion
(被完全遗忘)
→ 特点:文学性表达,指被彻底遗忘的状态,不用于电力或技术场景
记忆要点:
- 需要表达"完全、彻底"的中断时首选blackout
- 技术故障导致的暂停用outage
- 身体昏厥用faint
- 一般性打断用interruption
- 文学性遗忘用oblivion
(注:在医疗语境中,blackout特指逆行性遗忘,即无法形成新记忆,与faint的单纯意识丧失不同)
❗ 常见错误
✖ I had a blackout of electricity.
(中文直译错误)
✓ There was a blackout in my area.
✖ He blackouted after drinking.
(动词形式错误)
✓ He blacked out after drinking.
实用例句
✓ The blackout lasted 12 hours.
✓ During the blackout, we used candles.
✓ Pilots are trained to handle cockpit blackouts.
记忆技巧
"Blackout三面手:
停电、失忆加封锁,
名词动词都能变,
全面中断是核心!"
( 提示:在医疗语境中,blackout特指逆行性遗忘,即无法形成新记忆)
出处:见配图右下角